Clinical cytogeneticist : Entry requirements

Clinical cytogeneticists must have a first or upper second class honours degree in genetics, a biological science or another scientific discipline with a major genetics component. In particular, the following subjects may increase your chances:

• genetics;
• molecular biology;
• biochemistry;
• biomedical science;
• biotechnology.

Entry to the clinical scientist training programme is not possible without a degree or with a foundation degree only, although entry to genetic technologist positions is possible without a first degree.

There are currently two main entry routes to the profession:

• the preferred route, recommended by the Association for Clinical Cytogeneticists (ACC) , is through a national training scheme, which is organised via the NHS Scientist Training Programme (STP) ;
• a second, less common route is to enter at a training level as part of the laboratory's staffing structure. Progression through the grades is dependent on achieving the desired qualifications.

As of 2011, in England and Wales, a new graduate entry Scientist Training Programme (SPT) replaced the previous Clinical Scientist Training Scheme. The recruitment for the healthcare scientist training positions takes place early in the year for the September intake. Recruitment usually begins in February, with a closing date in mid-March.

NHS Trusts offer 200 training posts in life sciences, physics and engineering and physiological sciences. Successful candidates join a three-year training programme of workplace-based learning and a Masters degree in their specialist subject.

There is a single timetable for recruitment as well as national guidelines and assessment centres to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and equally. Candidates can apply for the training posts at the NHS Jobs website, while the selection process is organised by local trusts.

Details of all training posts are available on NHS Jobs  and will be advertised in the New Scientist . Further details of the scheme and a list of all the job roles are available on the Training as a clinical scientist page on the NHS Careers  website.

Scotland is also adopting the new training programme but will still be recruiting by specialist subject, rather than on a national basis for the time being. Training will be provided by individual NHS boards. Details of each training scheme can be found at Clinical Scientist Pre-Registration Training Schemes Scotland  and can also be found in the New Scientist.

Candidates need to show evidence of the following:

• laboratory skills and the ability to plan and do research;
• strong problem-solving skills;
• an analytical and investigative mind;
• excellent oral and written communication skills;
• the ability to manage a laboratory project and liaise with a wide variety of technical colleagues;
• the ability to work effectively as part of a team;
• good IT skills, as most laboratories are highly computerised.

Laboratory experience and an insight into the workings of a hospital laboratory are very important, so arrange a visit to a local hospital laboratory before you apply or even arrange work experience in a clinical cytogenetics laboratory

Employment as a genetic technologist can offer an alternative route into cytogenetics. Genetic technologists, who work alongside cytogeneticists, are responsible for sample processing, cell culture and preparation of chromosome materials. Most employers would expect a biology-related BSc but you can enter this role with out a degree or HND.

For more information, see work experience and internships and search courses and research.