Microsystems and Nanoengineering

The ability to construct and integrate numerous miniature devices into a single chip-scale microsystem has led to remarkable advancements in various fields of engineering and technology. Notable examples of this progress can be seen in the microprocessor and mobile phone industries. These achievements have been made possible by the development of advanced microfabrication technologies, enabling the placement and interconnection of hundreds to millions of individual components on a single semiconductor chip.

Although this technology was initially intended for the microelectronics sector, it is now being utilised for the creation of integrated photonic chips (such as optical communication transceivers), biomedical implants, environmental sensors (e.g., optical gas sensors), sensors for extreme environments (e.g., radiation detectors), navigational sensors (e.g., LIDAR), and energy harvesting devices. At the same time, advances in nanoengineering are providing new opportunities in this field, leading to new devices for quantum computing and artificial intelligence.